Assédio laboral e justa causa de resolução

O assédio laboral trata-se de um fenómeno social que ultrapassou já, com distinção, o teste do tempo. Nos últimos anos assistimos a um crescendo da preocupação com a saúde do trabalhador e o tema do assédio, como não poderia deixar de ser, foi associado a esta temática. Ainda que nem todos os trabalhadores sintam que esta é a sua realidade, o nosso objeto de estudo é a relação laboral do trabalhador comum, aquele que está, verdadeiramente, limitado pelos poderes disciplinar e de direção do empregador. Para tanto, o presente trabalho analisará o regime jurídico do assédio laboral e, em particular, este problema enquanto justa causa de resolução do contrato de trabalho.Workplace harassment is a social phenomenon that has passed the test of time with distinction. In recent years, we have witnessed a growing concern about workers’ health and the issue of harassment has, naturally, been brought to this discussion. Although this may not be the case for all employees, our object of study is the employment relationship of the common employee, the one who is truly limited by the disciplinary and management powers of the employer. To this end, the present work will analyse the legal regime of workplace harassment and how it may be invoked as a just cause of termination of the employment contract

Probabilistic Safety Analysis of High Speed and Conventional Lines Using Bayesian Networks

[EN] A Bayesian network approach is presented for probabilistic safety analysis (PSA) of railway lines. The idea consists of identifying and reproducing all the elements that the train encounters when circulating along a railway line, such as light and speed limit signals, tunnel or viaduct entries or exits, cuttings and embankments, acoustic sounds received in the cabin, curves, switches, etc. In addition, since the human error is very relevant for safety evaluation, the automatic train protection (ATP) systems and the driver behavior and its time evolution are modelled and taken into account to determine the probabilities of human errors. The nodes of the Bayesian network, their links and the associated probability tables are automatically constructed based on the line data that need to be carefully given. The conditional probability tables are reproduced by closed formulas, which facilitate the modelling and the sensitivity analysis. A sorted list of the most dangerous elements in the line is obtained, which permits making decisions about the line safety and programming maintenance operations in order to optimize them and reduce the maintenance costs substantially. The proposed methodology is illustrated by its application to several cases that include real lines such as the Palencia-Santander and the Dublin-Belfast lines.Grande Andrade, Z.; Castillo Ron, E.; Nogal, M.; O'connor, A. (2016). Probabilistic Safety Analysis of High Speed and Conventional Lines Using Bayesian Networks. En XII Congreso de ingeniería del transporte. 7, 8 y 9 de Junio, Valencia (España). Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 362-371. https://doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2015.3428OCS36237

Literatura infantil: proposta para o 1.º ciclo do ensino básico

A Literatura Infantil é hoje uma presença cada vez mais constante na sala de aula do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, das escolas portuguesas. Sendo que algumas das obras estudadas poderão ser mais adequadas do que outras, ao seleccionar as nossas tivemos em conta os quadros presentes em Cerrilho, Larronaga e Yubero, cujos parâmetros apontam para além da idade das crianças, sugestões sobre os temas, estrutura literária e o desenho das obras. Seguidamente apresentamos um conjunto de actividades onde o mediador/professor é alguém atento que conhece os passos da didáctica da Literatura Infantil. Duas das obras foram leccionadas na nossa turma, onde recolhemos dados que nos permitiram uma avaliação sobre a eficácia da nossa prática.Children's Literature is nowadays an increasingly constant presence in Portuguese primary school‟s classrooms. Since some of the works studied may be better suited than others, our selection of those have considered Cerrilho, Larronaga and Yubero‟s frameworks, whose parameters go far beyond the age of children, pointing out suggestions for themes, literary structure and design of the works. Then we present a set of activities where the mediator/teacher is someone attentive that knows the steps of teaching Children's Literature. Two of the works were studied in our class, where we collect data that allowed us to evaluate the effectiveness of our practice

The role of multi-fidelity modelling in adaptation and recovery of engineering systems

Significant research has been conducted in identifying optimal recovery and adaptation decisions in disruptive scenarios using engineering models. In this context, an aspect that has been target of limited research is that of response times. Modelling is expected to grow progressively more complex as it becomes more accurate. Such complexity increases modelling efforts, and the promise of optimal adaptation and recovery may become hindered. The present work discusses the role of modelling fidelities in adaptation and recovery of systems, and in particular that of using a lower fidelity model that enables zero-time analyses of a system. A framework is proposed for using different fidelities in adaptation and recovery, considering system’s decision time requirements. The relevance of this analysis is researched in two traffic networks and results show that multi-fidelity models should be expected to play a key role in increasing the efficiency of optimal adaptation and recovery decisions

Flood risk assessment for road infrastructures using Bayesian networks: case study of Santarem - Portugal

Assessing flood risks on road infrastructures is critical for the definition of mitigation strategies and adaptation processes. Some efforts have been made to conduct a regional flood risk assessment to support the decision-making process of exposed areas. However, these approaches focus on the physical damage of civil infrastructures without considering indirect impacts resulting from social aspects or traffic delays due to the functionality loss of transportation infrastructures. Moreover, existing methodologies do not include a proper assessment of the uncertainties involved in the risk quantification. This work aims to provide a consistent quantitative flood risk estimation and influence factor modelling for road infrastructures. To this end, a Flood Risk Factor (FRF) is computed as a function of hazard, vulnerability, and infrastructure importance factors. A Bayesian Network (BN) is constructed for considering the interdependencies among the selected input factors, as well as accounting for the uncertainties involved in the modelling process. The proposed approach allows weighting the relevant factors differently to compute the FRF and improves the understanding of the causal relations between them. The suggested method is applied to a case study located in the region of Santarem Portugal, allowing the identification of the sub-basins where the road network has the highest risks and illustrating the potential of Bayesian inference techniques for updating the model when new information becomes available

Fatigue reliability using a multiple surface approach

Reliability analysis for offshore wind turbines fatigue is an effort demanding task. New trends in the design of these systems, such as, the usage of alternative computational fluid dynamics or finite element methods, are expected to further increase the effort needed to design these systems to fatigue. As a result, design techniques that enable practicable fatigue analysis are on demand. The present paper researches on how to use fatigue damage surfaces in order to assess stress-cycle fatigue reliability. A Gaussian process model is applied as a surrogate of fatigue damage. It allows to enclose multiple normally distributed interpolated surfaces. Probabilistic SN curves are considered, creating a double surface model, where the Gaussian process model is built on top of the curve. Analysis is performed on a 5MW turbine with a monopile foundation, and stress-cycle fatigue is assessed for the tower component. Results of the implementation show that there is a significant advantage in using surrogates of fatigue damage as only a limited number of time domain simulations is required for design. Fatigue design was assessed using a subset of 25 load cases. Moreover, the predictor surrogates accurately the design procedure within different material probabilistic characteristics, and accounting for loading uncertainty. Fatigue reliability assessment with these models may be performed with approximately 10% to 40% of the binned environmental conditions computational effort, which is of interest in the wind engineering sector. Nevertheless, the approach implemented may be applied to any component on any system, with the only requirement of defining a representative fatigue indicator

The African Swine Fever Virus IAP Homolog Is a Late Structural Polypeptide

AbstractThe analysis of the complete nucleotide sequence of the African swine fever virus genome has revealed the existence of a number of genes potentially capable of modifying the host's response to the virus infection. In this report, we describe the results of the characterization of the A224L gene that encodes a novel member of the family of apoptosis inhibitors known as IAP proteins. A224L is expressed during the late phase of the infectious cycle, and its polypeptide product is assembled into virus particles

Bridge management through digital twin-based anomaly detection systems: A systematic review

Bridge infrastructure has great economic, social, and cultural value. Nevertheless, many of the infrastructural assets are in poor conservation condition as has been recently evidenced by the collapse of several bridges worldwide. The objective of this systematic review is to collect and synthesize state-of-the-art knowledge and information about how bridge information modeling, finite element modeling, and bridge health monitoring are combined and used in the creation of digital twins (DT) of bridges, and how these models could generate damage scenarios to be used by anomaly detection algorithms for damage detection on bridges, especially in bridges with cultural heritage value. A total of 76 relevant studies from 2017 up to 2022 have been taken into account in this review. The synthesis results show a consensus toward the future adoption of DT for bridge design, management, and operation among the scientific community and bridge practitioners. The main gaps identified are related to the lack of software interoperability, the required improvement of the performance of anomaly-detection algorithms, and the approach definition to be adopted for the integration of DT at the macro scale. Other potential developments are related to the implementation of Industry 5.0 concepts and ideas within DT frameworks

Combining Parallel Computing and Biased Randomization for Solving the Team Orienteering Problem in Real-Time

[EN] In smart cities, unmanned aerial vehicles and self-driving vehicles are gaining increased concern. These vehicles might utilize ultra-reliable telecommunication systems, Internet-based technologies, and navigation satellite services to locate their customers and other team vehicles to plan their routes. Furthermore, the team of vehicles should serve their customers by specified due date efficiently. Coordination between the vehicles might be needed to be accomplished in real-time in exceptional cases, such as after a traffic accident or extreme weather conditions. This paper presents the planning of vehicle routes as a team orienteering problem. In addition, an 'agile' optimization algorithm is presented to plan these routes for drones and other autonomous vehicles. This algorithm combines an extremely fast biased-randomized heuristic and a parallel computing approach.This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2019-111100RB-C21/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, RED2018-102642-T). We also acknowledge the support of the Erasmus+ Program (2019-I-ES01-KA103-062602)Panadero, J.; Ammouriova, M.; Juan-Pérez, ÁA.; Agustin, A.; Nogal, M.; Serrat, C. (2021). Combining Parallel Computing and Biased Randomization for Solving the Team Orienteering Problem in Real-Time. Applied Sciences. 11(24):1-18. https://doi.org/10.3390/app112412092118112

Mapping potential determinants of peroxidative activity in an evolved fungal peroxygenase from agrocybe aegerita

Fungal unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) are hybrid biocatalysts with peroxygenative activity that insert oxygen into non-activated compounds, while also possessing convergent peroxidative activity for one electron oxidation reactions. In several ligninolytic peroxidases, the site of peroxidative activity is associated with an oxidizable aromatic residue at the protein surface that connects to the buried heme domain through a long-range electron transfer (LRET) pathway. However, the peroxidative activity of these enzymes may also be initiated at the heme access channel. In this study, we examined the origin of the peroxidative activity of UPOs using an evolved secretion variant (PaDa-I mutant) from Agrocybe aegerita as our point of departure. After analyzing potential radical-forming aromatic residues at the PaDa-I surface by QM/MM, independent saturation mutagenesis libraries of Trp24, Tyr47, Tyr79, Tyr151, Tyr265, Tyr281, Tyr293 and Tyr325 were constructed and screened with both peroxidative and peroxygenative substrates. These mutant libraries were mostly inactive, with only a few functional clones detected, none of these showing marked differences in the peroxygenative and peroxidative activities. By contrast, when the flexible Gly314-Gly318 loop that is found at the outer entrance to the heme channel was subjected to combinatorial saturation mutagenesis and computational analysis, mutants with improved kinetics and a shift in the pH activity profile for peroxidative substrates were found, while they retained their kinetic values for peroxygenative substrates. This striking change was accompanied by a 4.5°C enhancement in kinetic thermostability despite the variants carried up to four consecutive mutations. Taken together, our study proves that the origin of the peroxidative activity in UPOs, unlike other ligninolytic peroxidases described to date, is not dependent on a LRET route from oxidizable residues at the protein surface, but rather it seems to be exclusively located at the heme access channel.This work was supported by the Comunidad de Madrid Synergy CAM Project Y2018/BIO-4738-EVOCHIMERA-CM, the PID2019-106166RB-100-OXYWAVE and the PID2019-106370RB-I00-PZymes grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the CSIC Project PIE-201580E042. AB-N thanks the PhD Programme in Molecular Biosciences, Doctoral School, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version